WebSockets vs HTTP Polling
Differences, use cases, and when to use each
WebSockets maintain a persistent, full-duplex connection between client and server for real-time communication. HTTP polling repeatedly sends requests at intervals to check for updates. WebSockets are efficient for real-time data; polling wastes resources for infrequent updates.
Quick Comparison
| Feature | WebSockets | HTTP Polling |
|---|---|---|
| Connection | Persistent (stays open) | New request per poll |
| Direction | Full-duplex (both ways) | Client-initiated only |
| Latency | Near-instant push | Up to polling interval |
| Server Overhead | Persistent connection maintenance | Request/response per poll |
| Use Case | Chat, live data, games | Infrequent status checks |
When to Use Each
When to Use WebSockets
Use WebSockets for real-time applications: chat systems, live dashboards, multiplayer games, collaborative editors, and financial ticker feeds where sub-second updates matter.
When to Use HTTP Polling
Use HTTP polling for infrequent status checks where real-time isn't critical and simplicity is preferred — checking job completion, periodic sync, or slow-changing data.
Pros & Cons
WebSockets
HTTP Polling
Verdict
WebSockets for real-time communication. Long-polling or Server-Sent Events (SSE) as intermediate options. HTTP polling only for simple, infrequent checks where latency isn't a concern.